Zingasonjululwa njani iziphene ezifana namaqhakuva entlabathi kumphezulu wentsimbi engwevu eyenziwe ngentlaka yentlaka?

Amaqhuqhuva esanti avela kumphezulu womatshini wentsimbi engwevu eyenziwe yintlabathi yentlaka, eyingxaki eqhelekileyo echaphazela umgangatho womphezulu wokusakha. Amaqhuqhuva entlabathi adla ngokubonakaliswa njengamaqhina aqinileyo entsimbi kunye neentlabathi zesanti ezibambelela kumphezulu wokulahlwa, ekunzima ukuzicoca kwaye zinokuchaphazela ukuchaneka komda kunye nenkangeleko.

I-1, Esona sizathu siphambili sokwenziwa kwamaqhuqhuva esanti kukungonelanga kwamandla ommandla we-resin sand mold / core surface. Ngaphantsi kwesenzo se-thermal kunye ne-mechanical ye-metal etyhidiweyo, iibhloko zesanti ezingaphezulu ziyaxobuka kwaye zifunxelwe kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo, kodwa azikhukuliswanga ngokupheleleyo okanye zinyibilike, kwaye ekugqibeleni zisongelwe kumphezulu wokuphosa. Izizathu ezithile zinokucazululwa ngokwale milinganiselo ilandelayo:

1. Ukudityaniswa okungalinganiyo ngenxa yokubumba/ukwenziwa kwenkqubo yondoqo: Ukunganelanga kombane kwiindawo ezithile (ingakumbi iikona, iigrooves, nemingxuma enzulu), umphezulu wesanti oxekethileyo, ukomelela okuphantsi, kwaye kulula ukukhukuliseka. Ukususwa kokubumba okungafanelekanga / ukulungiswa kokusebenza: Ukonakaliswa kwesikhunta sentlabathi ngexesha lokususwa kwesikhunta okanye ukulungiswa okungaphelelanga ngexesha lokulungiswa kwesikhunta, ukushiya iibhloko zesanti ezinokuthi zikhulule. Umgangatho wokwambathisa kunye nenkqubo yokuxubha: Umaleko wokugquma ubhityile kakhulu okanye awugqunywanga, kwaye uyasilela ukwahlula ngokufanelekileyo ulwelo lwetsimbi olunobushushu obuphezulu ukusuka kumphezulu wesanti. Ubunzulu bokungena okwaneleyo kwengubo: ukungaphumeleli ukwenza "i-sintered layer" eqinileyo kunye nesikhunta sesanti, okubangela ukubambelela kakubi. Ukomisa okungonelanga kweengubo: ukufuma okushiyekileyo okanye i-solvents, igesi eyenziwa xa idibana nolwelo oluphezulu lwetsimbi, inokuchaphazela i-coating kwaye ibangele ukuba iqhube kwaye ikhuphe. Ukukhutshwa okulambathayo kokungunda kwesanti/undoqo: Uxinzelelo lwerhasi yasekhaya olugqithisileyo lunokubangela ukuba umaleko wokugquma okanye umaleko obuthathaka "uwohloke".

2. Izizathu zokusebenza kwesanti ekrwada kunye nentlabathi yentlaka: Ukumila kwesuntswana lesanti ekrwada kunye nobukhulu: Umphezulu wamasuntswana esanti agudileyo, anoburharha oburhabaxa (ofana ne-angular coefficient), i-meshing yomatshini ebuthathaka phakathi kwamasuntswana esanti, kunye namandla aphantsi omphezulu wesanti yokungunda. Ukongezwa kwe-resin okungonelanga okanye ukuxuba okungalinganiyo: kubangela umxholo ophantsi we-resin yendawo kunye namandla anganeleyo emva kokunyanga. Ukunganyangeki okungalinganiyo: Ngokukodwa kwimiqolo yesanti eshinyeneyo, ingaphakathi lisenokunganyangeki ngokupheleleyo okanye umphezulu unokuba mrhabaxa ngenxa yokuvuthuza okugqithisileyo (intlaka yefuran). Ixesha elide lokugcinwa kokungunda kwesanti okanye ukufuma okuphakamileyo kokusingqongileyo: Izibungu zentlabathi yeresin zifunxa ukufuma, zinciphisa amandla, kwaye zandise ukuveliswa kwegesi.

3. Isizathu soyilo lwenkqubo yokugalela kukuba i-metal liquid ihlanjululwe ngokugqithiseleyo: i-sprue ijongene nodonga lokubumba okanye i-sand core, yenza i-high-speed metal liquid flow echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo. Uyilo lwenkqubo yokuthulula alunangqiqo, kwaye isantya sokuzalisa sikhawuleza kakhulu, esibangela ukukhukuliseka okukhulu kunye nokugqoka phezu kwendawo yokubumba yesanti / ingundoqo.

4. Ukushisa okuthululwayo kwetsimbi etyhidiweyo ngokwayo kuphezulu kakhulu: umthwalo oshushu ogqithisileyo uya kukhawulezisa ukubola kwe-thermal ye-resin phezu kwendawo yokubumba yesanti kunye ne-sintering of particles sand, ebangela ukuba i-peeling layer ihlume. Kwangaxeshanye, ubumanzi bentsimbi enyibilikisiweyo bulunge kakhulu, kwaye amandla okukhuhla ayanda. I-oxidation enzima yentsimbi etyhidiweyo: Umxholo ophezulu wee-oxides (ezifana ne-FeO) kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo inokusabela ngamakhemikhali kunye neengqungquthela zesanti ze-SiO ₂, ukunyusa ukukhukuliseka kunye nesanti yokunamathela kwi-metal liquid kwi-sand mold.

2, Isisombululo esicwangcisiweyo sokusombulula ingxaki yamaqhuqhuva esanti sifuna ukuqala kuthintelo kunye nolawulo, ukuqhuba uphando olucwangcisiweyo kunye nokuphucula inkqubo.

1. Lungiselela imilo kunye nenkqubo yokwenza i-core ukuqinisekisa ukunyanzeliswa okufanayo: Gxininisa ekuqinisekiseni ukunyanzeliswa kweendawo ezinzima ezifana neekona, iiprotrusions, kunye nemigodi enzulu, kwaye usebenzise izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokuncedisa ekuhlanganiseni. Ukubumba okusemgangathweni kunye nokulungiswa: Sebenzisa ngokucophelela kwaye usebenzise i-paste ekhethekileyo yokulungisa okanye ukugubungela ukulungisa iindawo ezonakalisiweyo. Ukusetyenziswa kweengubo eziqinisiweyo: Khetha umgangatho ophezulu we-alcohol esekelwe kwi-zircon powder okanye i-corundum powder i-corundum, enokumelana nomlilo kunye nokuxhathisa okuqinileyo kwe-corrosion. Qinisekisa ukuba i-coating ine-concentration eyaneleyo kunye ne-viscosity, usebenzisa i-dip coating, i-flow coating, okanye i-spray coating ukuze uqinisekise ubukhulu obufanayo bokugquma (i-2-4 ngokubanzi, ubukhulu befilimu eyomileyo yi-0.3-0.8mm). Ukome ngokupheleleyo: Emva kokutshisa (i-alcohol based coatings) okanye ukomisa, qinisekisa ukuba i-coating yomile kwaye ayinamabala okufuma. Qinisekisa ukukhupha okugudileyo: Seta inani elaneleyo kunye nobukhulu bemingxunya yokukhupha kwindawo efanelekileyo kumngundo wesanti/umbindi.

2. Lawula ngokungqongqo umgangatho wesanti ye-resin kwaye ukhethe isanti ekrwada esemgangathweni ophezulu: kuqala kufuneka kunikwe ukusetyenziswa kwesanti ye-silica kunye ne-suntswana shape shape kunye ne-smooth surface (njengesanti ye-Inner Mongolia ye-Dalin), kunye ne-coefficient ye-angular elawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-1.2-1.3, efanelekileyo ekuphuculeni umbane kunye nokuqina kwesanti kunye namandla. Lungiselela umlinganiselo we-resin kunye nenkqubo yokuxuba isanti: Lungisa inani le-resin kunye ne-arhente yokunyanga eyongeziweyo ngokwexesha lonyaka kunye nobushushu bendalo kunye nokufuma (ngokuqhelekileyo i-0.8% -1.5% yobunzima bokuqala besanti) ukuqinisekisa ukuxuba okufanayo. Lawula isiphumo sokunyanga: Kuphephe ukuvuthela okanye ukunyanga okunganelanga. Kwimibhobho yesanti engqindilili kunye nenkulu, iinkqubo zokuzalisa ibhloko engenanto okanye i-coke ingasetyenziswa. Lawula indawo yokugcina kunye nokusetyenziswa: Zama ukunciphisa ixesha lokugcinwa kwesikhunta sesanti / i-cores kwaye ugweme ukufunxa ukufuma. Kucetyiswa ukuba kulawulwe ukufuma kwiworkshop engaphantsi kwama-60%.

3. Ukuphucula uyilo lwenkqubo yokugalela ukulandela umgaqo wokuzalisa "ogudileyo, okhawulezayo, kunye nocwangco": ukwamkela iisistim ezivulekileyo, ezisezantsi, okanye ezinyathelweyo zokugalela. Kuphephe ukugungxulwa ngokuthe ngqo: Isprue akufuneki sijonge ngqo kwiindawo ezibuthathaka zodonga lokungunda okanye undoqo wesanti. Amanyathelo afana nokwazisa imigca exandileyo, ukuseta imingxuma ye-sprue, kunye nokusebenzisa izikrini zokucoca zingasetyenziselwa ukuphazamisa, ukusasaza, kunye nokucoca ukuhamba kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo. Bala ixesha elifanelekileyo lokugalela: kunqanda ukuzalisa ngokukhawuleza.

4. Lungiselela inkqubo yokunyibilika kunye nokuthulula ukulawula ukushisa okufanelekileyo okuthululwayo: ngelixa uqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kokuzaliswa kunye nokuphepha ukufudumala okubandayo, zama ukusebenzisa ukushisa okuphantsi okuthululwayo. Kwisixhobo somatshini wobukhulu obuphakathi bodonga, ilawulwa ngokubanzi kwi-1350-1420 ℃ (umlinganiselo wobushushu obonakalayo). Ukucocwa kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo: Ukuqinisa unyango lwangaphambili lwesithando somlilo (njengokusebenzisa i-agent yokususa i-slag) ukukhusela i-oxidation egqithisileyo yentsimbi etyhidiweyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukucoceka kwayo. Ukugalela okungenamagingxigingxi: Kuphephe ukuphazamisa kunye nokutshiza, kwaye ugcine ikomityi yokugalela izele.

5. Kulawulo lwesiza kunye nokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kweqhekeza lokuqala: Kwiqhekeza lokuqala emva kokubumba okutsha okanye utshintsho lwenkqubo, hlola ngononophelo iindawo ezithambekele kumaqhuqhuva esanti. Ukuseka iindawo zolawulo lwenkqubo: ukubeka iliso kwaye urekhode iinkqubo eziphambili ezinjengokuhlanganisela, ukugquma, kunye nobushushu bokugalela. Hlalutya indawo amaqhuqhuva esanti: Ngokusekelwe kwindawo eqhelekileyo yamaqhuqhuva esanti, landela umva ukuba yingxaki na ngokumila, ukugquma, okanye inkqubo yokugalela.

Isishwankathelo kunye neeNgcebiso: Isisombululo kwingxaki yamaqhuqhuva esanti ekuvelisweni komatshini wentsimbi engwevu usebenzisa isanti yentlabathi "kukomeleza amandla angaphezulu komngundo wesanti" kunye "nokunciphisa ukhukuliseko / ubushushu besiphumo solwelo lwesinyithi eludongeni lokungunda". Cebisa ngokulandelayo la manyathelo ukulungisa ingxaki:

Okokuqala, khangela iingubo: esi sesona sizathu sithe ngqo kwaye siqhelekileyo. Qinisekisa umgangatho wokwaleka, ukutyeba kokugquma, kunye nemeko yokomisa.

2. Emva koko, khangela ukudibanisa kunye nokusebenza kokubumba: khangela ukuba isikhunta sesanti kwindawo ehambelanayo ye-nodule yesanti ikhululekile.

3. Emva koko uhlalutye inkqubo yokugalela: jonga ukuba izigaxa zesanti zivela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-sprue okanye kwindawo apho ukuhamba kwesinyithi kuchaphazeleka kakhulu.

4. Ekugqibeleni qinisekisa iiparameters zenkqubo: khangela ukuba umlinganiselo wesanti ye-resin, umgangatho wesanti ekrwada, kunye nobushushu obuthululwayo bungaphakathi kuluhlu olulawulwayo. Ngolu hlalutyo lucwangcisiweyo kunye nophuculo lwamanyathelo ngamanyathelo, iziphene zeendunduma zentlabathi zinokulawulwa ngokusebenzayo kwaye zipheliswe, ziphucule ngokubonakalayo umgangatho womphezulu kunye nokuchaneka komda kwezixhobo zoomatshini.