Ukuvelisa i-410 yentsimbi engenasici kunye ne-silica sol, enobunzima be-205 grams, eneziphene ze-oxidation ebusweni: oonobangela kunye nezisombululo.

Xa usebenzisa i-zircon powder / isanti njengomgangatho ophezulu, amanqaku e-oxidation kunye namabala avela kwimveliso ye-410 yentsimbi engenasici (ingakumbi iinxalenye ezincinci ezinobunzima obungama-200 grams). Kufuneka siphande njani oonobangela kwaye siphuhlise izisombululo. Makhe sihlalutye izigqibo ezingundoqo nganye nganye: le "ngongoma kunye nebala" i-oxidation idla ngokungabangelwa yinto enye, kodwa isiphumo sokusabela ngobundlobongela phakathi kolwelo lwentsimbi olusebenzayo kunye nojongano lweqokobhe olungcolisekileyo ekuhlaleni. Unobangela wengxaki ikakhulu ulele "kumgangatho weqokobhe" kunye ne "steel liquid shell interface reaction".

I-1, Izizathu eziphambili zokuqulunqwa kweendawo ze-oxidation / amabala ahlalutya, ahlanganiswe neempawu ze "zircon powder / sand surface layer" kunye ne "point oxidation". Ezona zizathu ziphambili zibekwe ngokolandelelwano olunokwenzeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Ukungcoliswa komgangatho weqokobhe (umrhanelwa oyintloko) Isixhobo seZirconia ngokwaso: Umgangatho ongemhle okanye ufumile I-Zirconia powder/isanti inokuqulatha ukungcola okufana ne-iron oxide (Fe ₂ O3) kunye ne-titanium oxide (TiO ₂). Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, oku kungcola kuya kusabela ngeekhemikhali kunye nezinto ezifana ne-chromium (Cr) kunye ne-aluminium (Al) kwinsimbi engenasici, ishiya amanqaku okusabela kwendawo (okt amanqaku e-oxidation) kumphezulu wokuphosa. Ungcoliseko ngexesha lokusebenza: Kwiworkshop yokwenza iqokobhe, irusi, uthuli, kunye nezinto eziphilayo (ezifana neentsinga zeglavu kunye negrisi) zinokuxutywa ngexesha lokugquma komhlaba okanye inkqubo yesanti. Ezi zingcolisi ziyakwenza "amanqaku abuthathaka" aneendawo zokunyibilika ezisezantsi okanye umsebenzi ophezulu ekuhlaleni emva kokubalwa kweqokobhe. Ukuzinza kwe-silica sol: ukuba i-silica sol ine-gel yendawo okanye ukungcola, kuya kuchaphazela ukufana kwengubo, okubangelwa amandla anganeleyo asekuhlaleni okanye ukutyetyiswa kokungcola.

2. Ukungoneli kweqokobhe ukurosa kunye nokufuma okushiyekileyo (isizathu esingundoqo): Intsalela yobumanzi yenye yezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zokubunjwa kwe "oxidation points". Ukuba iqondo lokushisa lokutshisa iqokobhe alinelanga (<900 ℃) okanye ixesha lokugquma alanele, kuya kubakho amanzi ashiyekileyo ekristale okanye amanzi ekhemikhali kumaleko anzulu eqokobhe (ngokukodwa amaqokobhe atyebileyo namakhulu). Xa isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sobushushu obuphezulu sitofwa, amanzi aphuphuma ngoko nangoko, kwaye uxinzelelo lomphunga luphezulu ngokugqithisileyo, luqhekeza iqokobhe elibhityileyo eliqinileyo eliphambi kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo, libonisa intsimbi entsha etyhidiweyo etyhidiweyo ngaphakathi kwaye ifumana i-oxidation reaction kunye nomphunga wamanzi: Fe+H ₂ O → FeO+H ₂ point oxides ₂. I-Organic carbon residue: Ukutshiza okungaphelelanga kunokukhokelela kwi-carbonization ye-organic compounds kwi-silica sol kunye ne-mold release agents endaweni yokutshisa ngokupheleleyo, ukwenza iindawo ezizityebi zekhabhoni. Xa insimbi etyhidiweyo idibana nale ndawo, i-carbon iya kunciphisa i-SiO ₂ kwigobolondo, ivelise i-CO gas, eya kulimaza indawo yentsimbi etyhidiweyo kwaye ibangele i-oxidation yendawo kunye ne-carburizing.

3. Ukunganyibiliki ngokwaneleyo kunye nokuthulula ukukhuselwa (isizathu esisisiseko) i-deoxidation engaphelelanga: I-Chromium kwi-410 insimbi engenasici ixhomekeke kwi-oxidation. Ukuba i-deoxidation yokugqibela (ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa i-aluminium) ayanelanga, umxholo we-oksijini oncibilikisiweyo kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo iya kuba phezulu, kwaye iya kuthanda ukudibanisa phezu komhlaba okanye idibanise ne-shell reactants ekupheleni kokuqina, ukwenza indawo efana ne-oxides. Ukuhamba okungonelanga kokhuseleko lokuphosa: Nangona ukukhuselwa kwegesi ye-argon, ukuba ukuhamba komoya kubuthathaka kakhulu, kusasazeka ngokungafaniyo, okanye ukuphazamiseka, umoya uya kutsalelwa kumjelo wokuphosa kunye nekomityi ye-sprue, ebangela ukuba amathontsi entsimbi atshize kunye ne-oxidize kwaye angene kumgodi wokungunda kunye nomsinga, okwenza iindawo ezichithakeleyo ze-oxidation.

4. Ukungafani kweeparameters zenkqubo (i-triggering factor) Ukungafani phakathi kokushisa kwegobolondo kunye nokushisa okuthululwayo: Ukushisa kwangaphambili kwegobolondo kuphantsi kakhulu (njenge<600 ℃), ngelixa ukushisa okuthululwayo kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo kuphezulu kakhulu. Umahluko weqondo lobushushu phakathi kwezi zimbini mkhulu kakhulu, nto leyo eya kuqinisa ugqabhuko-dubulo lwerhasi yojongano kunye nomothuko we-thermal, kwaye ibangele ukuphendula kwamanqaku. Ukufudumeza okugqithisileyo kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo: Ubushushu obunyibilikayo obugqithisileyo (obufana nokudlula i-1650 ℃) buya kuqinisa ukusebenza kwakhona kweekhemikhali phakathi kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo kunye neqokobhe.

2, Isisombululo esicwangcisiweyo (ukusuka kwingxakeko ukuya kunobangela) Inyathelo loku-1: Kwindawo yophando olungxamisekileyo kunye nokuphathwa (ukuphunyezwa kwangoko)

1. Jonga iqokobhe lokubhaka lomlilo: linganisa isixhobo sokulinganisa ubushushu. Qinisekisa ukuba ukushisa okutshisayo ku-≥ 950 ℃ kwaye ixesha lokubamba liyi-≥ iiyure ze-2 (kuxhomekeke ekunyukeni kwegobolondo ubukhulu), kwaye ukhangele ukujikeleza kwendawo yesithando somlilo ukuqinisekisa ukuba igesi yokukhupha ingakhutshwa.

2. Jonga izinto eziluhlaza: Thatha ibhetshi entsha ye-high-purity (ikhemikhali ecocekileyo okanye ibakala lokuqala) i-zircon powder/isanti yokuvavanya ukuthelekisa. Nika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwi-iron (Fe) kunye ne-titanium (Ti) umxholo.

3. Jonga indawo ekwenziwa kuyo iqokobhe: Coca indawo yokusebenzela yokwenza iqokobhe, uqinisekise ukuba umphezulu wogqume ubekwe wodwa kwindawo yesanti, kwaye uthintele ukungcoliseka kothuli lomhlwa. Jonga i-silica sol ngamasuntswana okanye ijeli.

4. Ukuqinisa ukhuseleko lokuphosa: ukwandisa okwethutyana amandla okukhusela igesi ye-argon ukuqinisekisa ukuba indebe yokugalela igutyungelwe ngokupheleleyo yi-argon gas ngexesha lokuphosa.

Inyathelo lesi-2: Uphuculo lwenkqubo yexesha elifutshane (kwiiveki ezi-1-2)

1. Yandisa inkqubo yokuqhotsa: sebenzisa "inyathelo lokufudumeza ukutshisa": ukwandisa ixesha lokugquma kwinqanaba le-400-600 ℃ ukuvumela izinto eziphilayo ukuba zibole ngokupheleleyo kwaye zibe ngumphunga; Gcina ubushushu obaneleyo obungaphezulu kwe-900 ℃ ukukhupha amanzi ekhemikhali. Amacandelo abalulekileyo, galela ngoko nangoko emva kokubhaka okanye ukugcina kwi-oveni enobushushu obuphezulu (>200 ℃) ukunqanda ukufunxa ukufuma.

2. Ukomeleza unyango olunyibilikayo: I-deoxidation yokugqibela engqongqo: Ngaphambi kokucofa, faka ucingo lwe-aluminium kwindawo enzulu yensimbi etyhidiweyo ye-deoxidation yokugqibela, kwaye ulawule umxholo we-aluminium oseleyo kwi-0.02% -0.08%. Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu bokuthulula: Kwisiseko sokuqinisekisa ukuzaliswa okupheleleyo, nciphisa ubushushu obuthululwayo obuvela kubushushu obukhulu (njenge-1550 ℃) ngo-10-20 ℃ ukunciphisa ukusabela kwe-thermal.

3. Lungisa ubushushu beqokobhe lokungunda: nciphisa isithuba phakathi kweqokobhe lokungunda elikhutshwa eziko kwaye ugalele elona xesha lifutshane linokwenzeka, uqinisekise ukuba ubushushu ngaphakathi kwiqokobhe lokungunda buphakathi kwe800-900 ℃. Amaqokobhe obushushu obuphezulu anokunciphisa umahluko wobushushu bojongano kwaye aqinisekise ukuqina okugudileyo kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo.

Inyathelo lesi-3: Ulawulo olucwangcisiweyo lwexesha elide (isisombululo esisisiseko)

1. Izinto zeShell kunye nophuculo lwenkqubo: Uvavanyo lokutshintshwa kwezinto zomaleko ongaphezulu: Ukuba ingxaki iyaqhubeka, cinga ngokutshintsha imaleko yomphezulu kunye ne-alumina edibeneyo ene-inert (Al ₂ O3) okanye "i-corundum emhlophe". Nangona ixabiso liphezulu, ukuphinda kusebenze ngentsimbi yechromium ephezulu kuphantsi. Ukwaziswa kwenkqubo yokucoca umaleko womphezulu: Emva kokugqiba umaleko womphezulu kunye nokwenziwa kweqokobhe lesibini, iqondo lobushushu elongezelelweyo (800 ℃) liyongezwa ukuxinanisa umaleko womphezulu kunye nokuphelisa ezinye izinto ezikhupha irhasi kwangaphambili.

2. Ukuphucula inkqubo yokunyibilika kunye nokuthulula: ukuphumeza ukunyibilika kwe-argon yokukhusela: ukusebenzisa i-argon gas ukugubungela okanye ukuvuthela ngexesha lokuncibilika kwesithando somlilo. Ukusebenzisa i-vacuum okanye ukuphosa umoya okhuselayo: Kwiimveliso ezifunwa kakhulu, utyalo-mali kwi-vacuum induction melting casting okanye iibhokisi zokuphosa ezizaliswe yi-argon sesona sisombululo sicokisekileyo.

3. Ukuseka iindawo zokubeka iliso kwinkqubo: Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezikrwada: Yenza isampulu yesiqulatho sokungcola kwibhetshi nganye ye-zircon powder. Ushicilelo lokugcadwa kweqokobhe: Misela ujongo lwexesha lexesha lobushushu kwiziko ngalinye lokuwosa. Imephu yesiphene: Thatha iifoto kwaye ugcine indawo kunye ne-morphology yeendawo ze-oxidation, uhlalutye unxibelelwano kunye nendawo yomthi, kwaye ulandele umthombo wongcoliseko.

Shwankathela inkqubo ecetyiswayo yokusombulula ingxaki yengxaki "yeendawo ze-oxidation / amabala kwindawo yomgangatho wesanti ye-zircon powder kwi-205 gram casting". Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulungise ingxaki ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Isikrokro sokuqala: Ngaba iqokobhe liqhotyiswa ngokwaneleyo? Yenza imifuniselo yokuthelekisa ngokunyusa ubushushu bokutshisa kunye nexesha lokubamba.

2. Ukukrokra okwesibini: Ngaba izinto ze-zircon zicocekile? Buyisela ibhetshi yezinto ezaziwayo zokucoceka okuphezulu kuvavanyo lokuthelekisa.

3. Khangela ngaxeshanye: Ngaba ukhuseleko lokugalela lusebenza ngokwenene? Jonga ubume bokuhamba komoya kumbhobho we-argon, imitha yokuhamba, kunye nekomityi ye-sprue.

4. Ukulungiswa kokugqibela: Lungisa ukutshatisa iiparamitha zenkqubo, ubukhulu becala ubushushu beqokobhe kunye nobushushu bokuthulula. Ngokusebenzisa uphando olucwangcisiweyo olungentla kunye nokuphucula, ngokukodwa ukuqinisekisa ukoma okupheleleyo kunye nokucoceka kweqokobhe kunye nokuqiniswa kokhuseleko lwe-interface, iindawo ze-oxidation kunye namabala kumphezulu we-410 i-stainless stainless precision castings inokupheliswa ngokufanelekileyo.