Zeziphi iimpawu zokugungxulwa kwesanti iziphene ekuveliseni iindawo zentsimbi ezingwevu kusetyenziswa isanti eluhlaza? Uthini umahluko phakathi kweziphene zamehlo e-slag?

1, Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lweziphene zokugungxulwa kwesanti kukuba ukugungxulwa kwesanti, njengoko igama libonisa, sisiphene esibangelwa lulwelo lwentsimbi "ukugungxula" ukungunda kwesanti. Unokuyithelekelela njengomlambo ozamazamayo okhukulisa umhlaba oselunxwemeni.

Indawo: Ihlala ibonakala kwindawo enesantya sokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kunye nefuthe elinamandla lempembelelo yentsimbi etyhidiweyo. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zichasene ngqo ne-sprue, kwindawo yokuguqula i-mold cavity, okanye nakweyiphi na indawo yokubumba yesanti okanye ingundoqo ejongene ngqo nefuthe lokuhamba kwesinyithi. Naphi na apho ulwelo lwesinyithi luhamba njengompu wamanzi, iingxaki zinokwenzeka kakhulu. Inkangeleko: Kumphezulu wokubunjwa, kubonakala kurhabaxa, imisele okanye imingxuma erhabaxa, engaqhelekanga, ngokufuthi imilo yemicu emide, kwaye isalathiso saso sokwandiswa siyahambelana necala lokuhamba kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo ngelo xesha, ngokungathi sele kulinyiwe. Ukuchukumisa umbandela: Le yeyona ngongoma ibalulekileyo. Kule grooves okanye imingxuma yangaphakathi ephumela (imingxuma yesanti), unokubona ngokucacileyo okanye uzive uhlakazekile, iincinci zesanti ezifakwe ngesinyithi. Inokususwa ngezixhobo kwaye inokwakheka okubonakalayo kwengqolowa. Ezi ntlabathi ziphuma kubumba lwesanti ngokwalo olukhukulisekileyo. Ukubeka ngokulula, ukuqaphela ukugungxulwa kwesanti, amanqaku amathathu kufuneka athathwe: indawo ikwindawo yokugungxulwa ngesantya esiphezulu, imbonakalo yigrooves erhabaxa, kwaye kukho isanti ngaphakathi.

I-2, Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lwesiphene samehlo e-slag kukuba i-slag eqhutywe yintsimbi etyhidiweyo ngokwayo ingena emgodini wokungunda. Unokucinga ngayo njengembiza yeCongee ebilayo, kwaye "ioyile yeCongee" kunye nogwebu olungenakususwa kumphezulu lwaluxutywe kwisitya.

Indawo: Ngenxa yokuba i-slag ihlala ilula kunentsimbi etyhidiweyo, iya kudada ngaphezulu. Ngoko ke uninzi lwemingxuma ye-slag ibonakala kumphezulu we-castings, kwiingcambu zokunyuka, okanye kwiikona zomngxuma wokungunda ezizaliswe yintsimbi etyhidiweyo. Iyandanda 'phezulu. Ukubonakala: Iliso le-slag linokuba ngumngxuma ozimeleyo okanye umgodi phezu kwendawo yokuphosa. Udonga lwayo lwangaphakathi lugudileyo ngokwentelekiso, alukho rhabaxa njengokuqhunyiswa kwesanti, amaxesha amaninzi lubengezela njengeglasi okanye lubonisa umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omnyama ongwevu oxidation. Ubume: Emngxunyeni, into oyifumanayo ayisiyontlabathi ekhululekileyo, kodwa luhlobo lweglasi, oluqilima kunye nemathiriyeli eqinileyo engeyiyo eyentsimbi. Umbala udla ngokuba mnyama (njengombala omnyama omnyama, omnyama), kwaye isakhiwo sinokuba yi-foam okanye i-glaze eshinyeneyo. Le yi-slag eyenziwa ngexesha lokunyibilika kunye nokuthulula. Ukubeka nje, kukho iingongoma ezintathu eziphambili zokuchonga amehlo e-slag: abekwe kwindawo ephezulu yokuphosa, udonga lwangaphakathi luhamba kakuhle, kwaye kukho iglasi efana ne-brittle slag ngaphakathi. Esona sizathu sisisiseko somahluko ongundoqo sahlukile: ukugungxulwa kwesanti yingxaki yomzimba kunye neyomatshini, kwaye unobangela wengcambu kukuba ukungunda kwesanti akuqinanga ngokwaneleyo okanye ukuhamba kwesinyithi "kunobundlobongela". Iliso le-Slag yingxaki yekhemikhali ye-metallurgical, esekelwe ekuhlambulukeni okunganelanga kokunyibilika okanye ukungaphumeleli ukugalela i-slag blocking. 

Ingcebiso yesigwebo: Xa isiphene sifunyenwe kwisanti: 

1 Okokuqala, khangela ukuba siphi na: ukuba isiphene sikwelinye icala lesango okanye kwikona yomgodi wokungunda, kuqala ukrokrela ukugungxulwa kwesanti; Ukuba i-defect iphezu kwendawo ephezulu yokuphosa okanye phantsi kwe-riser, ukusola kokuqala yimingxuma ye-slag. 

2. Jonga ngaphakathi kwakhona: Ukuba yintlabathi ngaphakathi, kufuneka ibe kukugungxulwa kwesanti; Ukuba kukho iglasi efana ne-brittle slag ngaphakathi, kufuneka ibe ngamehlo e-slag.

Isisombululo sokugungxulwa kwesanti kunye neziphene zomngxuma we-slag ekuveliseni iindawo zentsimbi ezingwevu kusetyenziswa isanti eluhlaza. 

1, Undoqo wokugungxulwa kwesanti kukuba amandla okungunda kwesanti awakwazi ukumelana neempembelelo zokuqukuqela kolwelo. Ngoko ke, isisombululo kufuneka sibe yindlela emibini: ukuqinisa izibungu zesanti kunye nokuphucula ukuphosa. Ukhetho loku-1: Ukuphucula ngokupheleleyo amandla okubumba isanti ngowona mlinganiselo usisiseko wokusombulula ukugungxulwa kwesanti. 1. Ukwandisa iimpawu zesanti: Ukwandisa umxholo we-bentonite osebenzayo: Gcwalisa rhoqo i-bentonite entsha ukuqinisekisa ukuba umxholo wayo osebenzayo ungaphakathi kweemfuno zenkqubo (ngokuqhelekileyo i-7% -10%). Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokufuma: Ukuba ukufuma kuphezulu kakhulu, ukubumba kwesanti kuya kuthamba, kwaye ukuba ukufuma kuphantsi kakhulu, ukubumba kwesanti kuya kuba brittle. Ngokulawula izinga lokuxinana, fumana eyona ndawo ilungileyo yokufuma (idla ngokuguquguquka malunga ne-3-4% yokufuma, kodwa ngokuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo wokuxinana). Nciphisa uthuli oludala lwesanti: Yomeleza ukuhamba komoya kokususa uthuli, susa rhoqo isanti endala kwaye wongeze isanti entsha, kwaye ulawule isiqulatho sothuli esingaphantsi kwe-12% -15%. Qinisekisa ukuxuba okwaneleyo kunye nokugaya: Qinisekisa ixesha elaneleyo lokuxuba ukudibanisa ngokulinganayo i-bentonite kunye nomswakama phezu kwendawo yentlabathi, ukwenza "ifilimu yodongwe" enamandla. 

2. Ukuphucula ukuqina komphezulu kunye nobuninzi bombhobho wesanti: Khangela kwaye ukwandise uxinzelelo lokunyanzeliswa komatshini wokubumba ukuze uqinisekise ukuba ukuqina kwe-Skaller ye-sand mold, ngokukodwa iindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana ne-grooves kunye nemingxuma kwi-mold, ifikelela kwiiyunithi ezingama-90 okanye ngaphezulu. Ukudibanisa okufanayo: Jonga i-port ye-injection yesanti kunye nepleyiti yokudibanisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iindawo zokubumba kwesanti zinobumbano olufanayo kwaye akukho ndawo zikhululekile. 

3. Ukuqinisa ukukhuselwa kwendawo yokubumba: sebenzisa iingubo ezisemgangathweni ophezulu: fafaza okanye uxube umgca we-refractory (njenge-zircon powder coating) kwiindawo ezithintekayo kwi-sand flushing (njengendawo ehambelanayo ye-sprue). Oku kufana nokubeka umaleko "wesikrweqe" kubumba lwesanti. Qinisekisa ukuba ipeyinti yomile: Ipeyinti kufuneka yomiswe kakuhle okanye ilayite ukuze yenze umaleko oqinileyo ongaxhathisi umlilo. Ipeyinti eyomileyo ithanda kakhulu ukuba ikhukuliswe. 

Inketho yesi-2: Lungiselela uyilo lwenkqubo yokuthulula ukucima "ubundlobongela" ukuhamba kwesinyithi Ukwamkela inkqubo yokugalela evulekileyo: ukwenza umlinganiselo wendawo ye-cross-sectional ye-sprue, umgijimi, kunye nomgijimi wangaphakathi onengqondo (njenge-1.5: 1.2: 1.0), ukuqinisekisa ukuzaliswa kakuhle kwesinyithi esityhidiweyo kunye nokuphepha ukutshiza. 2. Ukwandisa indawo ye-cross-sectional ye-sprue: Le yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokunciphisa izinga lokuhamba kwesinyithi esityhidiweyo kwi-mold cavity. Njengoko isantya sincipha, amandla okukhuhla ngokwemvelo ayancipha kakhulu. 3. Guqula icala le-sprue: Musa ukubhekisa ngqo kudonga lokungunda okanye kumbindi wesanti. Ungatshintsha isalathiso sayo ukuze ulandele isalathiso se-tangent sodonga lokubumba kwaye usebenzise "ukuhamba kodonga" endaweni "yokuhamba kwempembelelo" ukugcwalisa ukubumba. 4. Cwangcisa "idama" okanye "buffer" isakhiwo: ukumisa ingxowa yokuqokelela slag kumjelo onqamlezileyo wokugalela, okanye umise i-protrusion yesanti yokungunda (ibhloko yedini) phambi kwempembelelo yentsimbi yokuhamba ngenkuthalo ukuthwala ngokusebenzayo kwaye udle amandla empembelelo, ukukhusela umgodi oyintloko ngasemva. 

Isicwangciso sesi-3: Ukulinganisa ukusebenza kunye nokulawula ubushushu bokuthulula: Ngelixa uqinisekisa ukuzaliswa kunye nokuhamba, kunqanda ubushushu obugqithisileyo bokugalela ukunciphisa ifuthe lokukhukuliseka kwe-thermal kwisikhunta sesanti. Ukugalela okungenamagingxigingxi: Ngexesha lokugalela, lungelelanisa ikomityi yokugalela kwaye ugcine umlomo wokugalela usondele kangangoko kwikomityi egalelayo ukuze wenze "umpompoza ozinzileyo" kwaye uthintele ukutshiza kunye nokuchaphazeleka kolwelo lwesinyithi. 

I-2, Isisombululo kwisiphako se "slag eye" kukuba undoqo weso le-slag kukuba "i-slag ingene kwi-mold cavity". Ngoko ke, undoqo wesisombululo "ukuthintela" kunye "nokulungiselela". 

Isicwangciso soku-1: Ukuqinisa ukuvinjelwa kwe-slag ngaphambi kokunyibilika nokuthululela Susa ngokucokisekileyo i-slag: Emva kokubetha isinyithi kwisithando somlilo sombane okanye isiqhumiso somlilo, ngokucokisekileyo kwaye ukhuphe ngokucophelela i-slag kwi-ladle. Emva kokususwa kwe-slag, umaleko we-ejenti yokugquma i-insulation (njenge-perlite) unokufafazwa phezu kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo ukukhusela i-oxidation yesibini kunye nokuhlukanisa umoya, ngaloo ndlela ukuthintela ukuveliswa kwe-slag entsha.

 2. Ukusebenzisa ingxowa yeti: Lo ngowona mlinganiselo usebenzayo. Uyilo olukhethekileyo lwengxowa ye-teapot luvumela ulwelo lwetsimbi ukuba luphume luvela ezantsi, ngelixa i-slag idada phezu komhlaba kwaye ivalwe ludonga lokwahlula, ngaloo ndlela ifezekisa ukuvinjwa kwe-slag ngokuzenzekelayo. 

Inketho yesi-2: Lungiselela inkqubo yokuthulula kwaye usethe "i-slag trap". Inkqubo yokugalela egqwesileyo ngokwayo sisihluzo esisebenzayo se-slag. 

1. Sebenzisa ikomityi ye-sprue enomsebenzi wokuthintela i-slag: Phuma ikomityi ye-sprue: Phambi kokugalela, i-slag edadayo idada ukuya phezulu kwikomityi ye-sprue. Emva kokususa iplagi, ulwelo lwesinyithi olucocekileyo lungena kwi-sprue ukusuka ezantsi. Ipleyiti yokucoca: Ukubeka isihluzo se-ceramic ezantsi kwekomityi ye-sprue okanye kwimbaleki inokuthintela ngokwasemzimbeni uninzi lwe-slag. 

2. Sebenzisa ngokupheleleyo isiphumo sokuthintela i-slag yomgijimi onqamlezileyo: yamkela "ukuhamba okucothayo, ukuzaliswa okupheleleyo" umgijimi onqamlezayo: qinisekisa ukuba umgijimi onqamlekileyo unommandla owaneleyo we-cross-sectional ukuba azaliswe ngokupheleleyo ngentsimbi etyhidiweyo, ukwenzela ukuba i-slag iya kubanjiswa phezulu kumgijimi onqamlekileyo ngenxa yempembelelo ejikelezayo ephezulu kwaye ayiyi kungena kumgijimi wangaphakathi. Misa ingxowa yokuqokelela i-slag: Yila "ingxowa yokuqokelela islag" ephumayo kwimbaleki. Ngenxa yoxinano oluphantsi lwe-slag, ziya kudada phezulu kwaye ziqokelelwe kulo' mgibe 'endaweni yokungena kumgodi wokungunda.

 Qinisekisa ukuba ingxowa yokuqokelela i-slag ibekwe ekupheleni kwembaleki yangaphakathi. Isicwangciso sesi-3: Ukulinganisa imisebenzi yokuthulula 1 Ukugalela ngokuqhubekayo: Ngethuba lenkqubo yokugalela, ukuhamba akukwazi ukuphazamiseka. Emva kokuba ukuhamba kuphazamisekile, umoya uya kungena kwi-ladle kwaye wenze i-oxide slag entsha. 

2. Gcina ikomityi ye-sprue igcwele: Gcwalisa ikomityi ye-sprue ngentsimbi etyhidiweyo ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni ukudala uxinzelelo olusisigxina kwaye uvumele i-slag ngamaxesha athile ukuba idada kumphezulu wekomityi ye-sprue ngaphandle kokungena kwi-sprue. Xa kukho isiphene, nceda uqale uqonde ngokuchanekileyo ukuba yintlabathi yokugungxulwa okanye umngxuma we-slag ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zayo, kwaye umisele iyeza elifanelekileyo: ukujongana nokugungxulwa kwesanti, undoqo "ngundo oluqinileyo lwesanti, isantya sokuhamba kancinci". Jonga amandla kunye nokubumbana kwesanti yakho, uze ujonge ukuba inkqubo yakho yokugalela 'inobundlobongela' kakhulu na. Ukujongana nama-scumbags: Undoqo 'kukucoca i-scum kwaye usete ikhadi elilungileyo'. Khangela ukuba ukususwa kwe-slag yakho kucokisekileyo, ukuba i-ladle yokugalela yi-teapot ladle, kwaye ukuba inkqubo yakho yokugalela inezakhiwo ezisebenzayo zokuthintela i-slag (ezifana nezihluzi kunye nabaqokeleli be-slag). Ngokusebenzisa le ndlela ecwangcisiweyo, ezi ntlobo zimbini zeengxaki zinokusonjululwa ngokufanelekileyo, ziphucula kakhulu umgangatho wokuphosa.